analysis of variance

From Glossary of Meteorology
A statistical technique for resolving the total variability of a set of data into systematic and random components.

The analysis of variance is fundamentally a statistical estimating and/or testing procedure. It estimates the components of variance due to systematic and random causes, and it leads to significance tests of these components. The statistical assumptions required for a valid test are more stringent than those for estimating the components of variance.

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