threshold illuminance
From Glossary of Meteorology
For a point light source at night, the smallest illuminance Ethresh at the observer that can be seen for a given surrounding luminance and state of dark adaptation.
Although the threshold illuminance is not a constant, a dark-adapted observer can usually see a nonflashing light that produces ∼1.5×10-7 lux at the eye.
See also Allard's law, night visual range.